Market Comment
Mortgage bond prices were near unchanged, holding rates generally steady for the week. Unfortunately some considerable stock strength pressured mortgage bonds lower and rates higher mid week. The weekly jobless claims came in better than expected, which is unfavorable for rates.

Rates initially fell by about 1/8 of a discount point the beginning of the week only to have those improvements erased midweek.

The most important data will be the inflation releases the latter portion of the week. The Treasury will have another round of record auctions with a 3-year auction Monday, 10-year auction Tuesday, and a 30-year auction Wednesday. Foreign appetite for US debt will continue to play a key role in the ability of interest rates to remain low.

Retail Sales
Retail sales data is the first indication of weakness or strength in consumer spending released each month. The Bureau of the Census of the US Department of Commerce provides information on how much the consumer spends on the purchase of goods. This data provides the consumption part of the gross domestic product. Retail sales data represents merchandise sold for cash or credit by retailers. Durable goods, such as autos, make up 35% of the figure. The balance consists of non-durables such as gasoline, restaurants, and general merchandise.

There are several drawbacks to the report. The data covers purchases of goods only, not services. It is also not adjusted for inflation and is extremely volatile. Economists are concerned that the current economic uncertainty will continue to curtail consumer-spending habits. Consumers have generally been given credit for sustaining the economy even amid the economic turmoil.

Market Comment
Mortgage bond prices rose last week applying downward pressure on mortgage rates. Volatility in both the stock and bond markets remained high, with broad swings occurring on a daily basis. Mortgage rates moved lower following the release of weak housing data. The improvements seen earlier in the week were reversed following a weak 5-year Treasury auction on Wednesday. The movement seen this week is expected to continue until the future of the economy becomes clear.

Rates fell by about 3/8 of a discount point for the week.

Personal income and outlays will set the tone for trading this week. The employment report to be released on Friday will be the most important release this week. The focus lately has been on the payrolls component rather than the headline figure. If payrolls come in stronger than expected, mortgage interest rates may worsen.

Employment
The employment report provides an abundance of information for almost every sector of the economy. Not only does the employment report give basic employment payroll statistics for the major working sectors, it also provides the average hourly earnings and the average workweek. Using this information provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor, economists estimate many other economic indicators such as industrial production, personal income, housing starts, and GDP monthly revisions. Since there is little data for economists to base their estimates on, the margin of error for the estimates tends to be high. As a result, the employment report can cause substantial market movements.

The BLS compiles data from two unrelated surveys that they conduct, the household survey and the establishment survey, in order to complete the employment report. This explains why sometimes there is an unexpected divergence between the unemployment rate and payrolls figures each month.

This week’s employment data will provide valuable insight into factors the Federal Open Market Committee will use to make future rate decisions. An employment rebound may prompt the Fed to raise short-term interest rates. However, if employment remains weak, then the Fed may seriously consider keeping rates low.

Market Comment
Mortgage bond prices rose last week helping mortgage interest rates improve slightly. We started the week on a positive note with rates falling amid tame inflation readings. The producer price index fell 0.6% and the core rose 0.1%. The headline figure was the lowest since July 2009. Weekly jobless claims showed employment remaining poor. Unfortunately we saw the market fall a bit pushing rates higher Thursday afternoon, following the upcoming Treasury auctions announcement.

Rates fell about 1/8 of a discount point for the week.

The durable goods and gross domestic product data will be the most important releases this week. Supply concerns will continue to weigh heavily upon the bond market with the continued record Treasury auctions. If foreign demand falters, mortgage interest rates could rise.

Gross Domestic Product
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is one the most important reports during any given quarter. GDP is a measure of US economic output and spending. The report is significant in that it provides investors, analysts, traders, and economists with a comprehensive report of the direction of the economy. In addition, it also influences the decisions of Federal Reserve policy makers, Congressional budget employees, and corporate financial planners.

GDP is the sum total of goods and services produced by the United States. The initial report is often based on incomplete data. Therefore, additional revisions are released over the following two months. There are often substantial differences between the initial release and the revisions. The mortgage-backed security market generally responds favorably to weaker GDP growth.

While revisions generally don’t move the market like the original release, they still have the potential to cause market fluctuation if vastly different from the prior releases. Be cautious heading into the data this week.

Market Comment


Mortgage bond prices fell last week pushing mortgage interest rates slightly higher. Most of the data early in the week was bond-friendly. Unfortunately, with the Fed reiterating that they are not purchasing bonds after the first quarter, bond prices tumbled Wednesday afternoon. This was followed by stronger than expected gross domestic product, employment cost index, and PCE price data Friday morning. Bonds were helped Friday afternoon as stocks remained jittery.

Interest rates rose by about 1/8 of a discount point for the week.

The employment report Friday will be the most important event this week. Income, outlays, ISM Index, productivity, and factory orders data may also move the market. The ADP payrolls data will be carefully watched as they are an important view of the employment situation.

ISM


The Institute for Supply Management (ISM), formerly the National Association of Purchasing Management (NAPM), releases the “Report on Business” on the first working day of each month. Part of this report is the “diffusion index,” which tracks the economy’s ups and downs fairly well.

In conducting this survey, the ISM questions purchasing executives from over 250 industrial companies, compiling data on production, orders, commodity prices, inventories, vendor performance, and employment. Each of the respondents is asked to rank the categories as “up” or “down.” Various weights are applied to the individual components to form the composite index.

A composite index reading of 50 can be thought of as a “swing point.” A reading above 50 implies an increase in economic activity, while a reading below 50 indicates a decline. As a general rule of thumb, when the index approaches 60, investors begin to worry about an overheated economy. A slide below 40 suggests that recession is at hand.

The ISM report is difficult for economists to forecast because there is little data upon which to base an educated guess. The report has a large “surprise factor” and can often prompt a significant market reaction. Be cautious going into the data.

Market Comment
Mortgage bond prices rose last week pushing mortgage interest rates lower. The bond market rallied following crumbling stocks, as the DOW fell 213 points Thursday. Weekly jobless claims came in higher than expected, causing unemployment fears to cast a shadow over the state of the economy. In a consumer based economy it is difficult for people to spend money without a job. The producer price index was mixed as the headline figure was higher than expected, but the core was lower than expected.

For the week, interest rates fell by about 1/4 of a discount point.

The Fed meeting Wednesday will be the most important event this week. The Treasury will continue the record auctions with 2-year notes on Tuesday, 5-year notes on Wednesday, and 7-year notes on Thursday. If foreign demand remains decent, rates should hold near current levels. However, a drop in foreign demand will likely cause rates to head higher.

Fed Focus
The United States central bank, the Federal Reserve, coordinates the borrowing and lending activities of federally chartered banks. The principal reason the Federal Reserve was created was to reduce severe financial crises. One way of accomplishing this goal is to control the amount of money that flows through the economy. By manipulating the US money supply, the Fed influences inflation, unemployment, and the level of US economic activity. The Fed has a variety of tools that it uses to control the money supply, but its chief policy tool is the manipulation of short-term interest rates.

All eyes will be focused on the Federal Open Market Committee meeting Wednesday. No rate changes are expected. However, many analysts and traders believe rate hikes are on the horizon. Futures contracts show traders are pricing in a 77% chance the Fed will raise rates by November. Others argue those positions will be wrong because the economy isn’t strong enough for the Fed to change rates.

A cautious approach to float/lock decisions is prudent heading into the Fed meeting this week. Be prepared for potential market fluctuation.